Skill matters, but most serious crashes come down to attitude: hurrying, distraction, alcohol, tiredness or anger. A defensive driver expects other people to make mistakes and keeps enough time and space to deal with them.

Indian law requires every driver to be fit to drive and to keep a good lookout. It prohibits hand-held phone use while driving and sets a blood-alcohol limit of 30 mg per 100 ml (Section 185 of the Motor Vehicles Act). It treats red-light jumping and phone use as dangerous driving (Section 184), and makes parents or owners liable when a juvenile drives (Section 199A). This section explains those rules and the habits that keep you calm, alert and safe on long journeys.

Read Drive Calmly & Defensively and Fatigue & Long Journeys.