A safe trip starts before you turn the key: tyres, brakes, lights and belts in working order, loads secured, and documents valid. Many fines on Indian roads are for problems that a two-minute check would have caught.
This section explains what the law requires of your vehicle and its occupants. Third-party insurance is compulsory, and a valid pollution certificate is required (driving without one can cost up to ₹10,000). Window films are banned, and documents may be shown on paper or in DigiLocker or mParivahan. Everyone in front-facing seats, front and rear, must wear a seat belt (Rule 138(3) of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules). It also covers electric vehicles, e-rickshaws and e-scooters, and carrying loads and towing.
Four rules cover this section, starting with Keep Your Vehicle Roadworthy & Legal.